In the 1500's when the Spanish moved into what later was to become the
southwestern United States, they encountered the ancestors of the
modern-day Pueblo,
Hopi, and Zuni peoples. These ancestors, known variously as the
Basket Makers, the
Line Anasazi, or the Ancient Ones, had lived in the area for at least
2,000 years. They were
(5) an advanced agricultural people who used irrigation to help grow
their crops.
The Anasazi lived in houses constructed of adobe and wood. Anasazi
houses were originally built in pits and were entered from the roof. But around
the year 700 A.D., the Anasazi began to build their homes above ground and join
them together into rambling multistoried complexes, which the Spanish called
pueblos or villages.
(10) Separate subterranean rooms in these pueblos ― known as kivas or chapels ― were set aside for religious
ceremonials. Each kiva had a fire pit and a hole that was believed tolead to
the underworld. The largest pueblos had five stories and more than 800 rooms.
The Anasazi family was matrilinear, that is, descent was traced
through the female.
The sacred objects of the family were under the control of
the oldest female, but the
(15) actual ceremonies were conducted by her brother or son. Women
owned the rooms the pueblo and the crops, once they were harvested. While still
growing, crops belonged to the men who, in contrast to most other Native
American groups, planted them. The women made baskets and pottery; the men wove
textiles and crafted turquoise jewelry.
(20) Each village had two chiefs. The village chief dealt with land
disputes and religious affairs. The war chief led the
men in fighting during occasional conflicts that broke out with neighboring villages and directed the men in community
building projects. The cohesive political and social
organization of the Anasazi made it almost impossible for other groups to
conquer them.
Questions
1. What does the passage mainly
discuss?
(a) The culture of the Anasazi
people
(b) European settlement in what
became the southeastern United
States
(c) The construction of Anasazi houses
(d) Political structures of Native American peoples
2. The Anasazi people were
considered "agriculturally advanced" because
of the way they ---
(a) stored their crops
(b) fertilized their fields
(c) watered their crops
(d) planted their fields
3. The word "pits" in
line 7 is closest in meaning
to
(a) stages (b) scars
(c) seeds (d) holes
4. The word "stories" in line 12 is closest in meaning
to
(a) articles (b) tales
(c) levels (d) rumors
5. Who would have been most likely
to control the sacred objects
of an Anasazi
family?
(a) A twenty-year-old man
(b) A twenty-year-old woman
(c) A forty-year-old man
(d) A forty-year-old woman
6. The word "they" in line 16 refers to
(a)
women (b) crops
(c)
rooms (d) pueblos
7. The word "disputes" in line 20 is closest in meaning
to
(a) discussions
(b) arguments
(c) developments
(d) purchases
8. Which of the following activities was NOT done by Anasazi men?
(a) Making baskets
(b) Planting crops
(c) building homes
(d) Crafting jewelry
9. According to the passage, what
made it almost impossible for other groups
to conquer the Anasazi?
(a) The political and social organization of th Anasazi
(b) The military tactics employed by the Anasazi
(c) The Anasazi's agricultural technology
(d) The natural barriers surrounding Anasazi villages
10. The passage supports which of the following generalizations?
(a) The presence of the Spanish threatened Anasazi society.
(b) The Anasazi benefited from trading relations with the Spanish.
(c) Anasazi society exhibited a well-defined division of labor.
(d) Conflicts between neighboring Anasazi villages were easily
resolved.
Please tally your answer with the below provided answers and
then comment here how much you got!
Answers
1. A 2.
C 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C
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